Bush-Gorbachov Summit, December 1989

This article is being reproduced from the magazine Air Force International (incorporating MODELAID International), January 1990. It was written by Michael Bonello, and is being presented here as it was originally written then.

Almost forty years after the momentous meeting between Churchill and Roosevelt in Malta on their way to Yalta, the tiny island Republic was once again in the forefront of the world's news when it hosted the historic "non-summit summit" between President George Bush and President Mikhail Gorbachev.

Credit for choosing Malta as the site for the meeting was claimed by Bush but he did admit that the fact that Gorbachev would be in Italy at the time made it very convenient for the Soviet leader. As soon as the announcement was made, a gigantic logistic machine went into action with Maltese, American and Soviet advisers looking into all the fine details that the average man in the street would never even begin to think about.

Weeks before the meeting Malta was literally invaded by television crews from all over the world who were all looking for special angles and back-ground to send back to their stations. In fact, over 1,200 newsmen from the West and 800 from the Soviet Union covered the meeting.

The major change from recent summit meetings between the superpowers was the fact that both provided a warship for the meeting. It had been planned to alternate the venue over the two days of talks but freak stormy weather diverted the venue to the Soviet liner Maxim Gorky which was firmly moored in Marsaxlokk Harbour. The Gorky had arrived two days previously with Soviet experts and pressmen.

The American cruiser was USS Belknap (CG26) which was commissioned in 1964. The Soviet cruiser was the Slava, which was commissioned, in 1983 and is the lead ship of the Slava class of missile cruisers. Its primary role in combat is that of leading surface battle groups against NATO aircraft carriers and sea lines of communications in both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The Slava's armament is awe-inspiring - she carries twin SS-N-12 55Okm -range anti-ship cruise missiles, which can carry a conventional warhead or a 350 kiloton nuclear bomb. These missiles, code named Sandbox by NATO, have a maximum speed of Mach 2.5. The Slava is also equipped with eight SA-N-6 air defence missile launchers with 64 missiles in store. These missiles, code named Grumble, can also carry conventional warheads or a 25 kiloton nuclear bomb. Other armaments are 40 SA-N-4 Surface-to-Air missiles fired from two twin launchers, these Gecko's, as they are known, carry a 50kg High Explosive Fragmentation warhead at a speed of Mach 2. As if all this was not sufficient, the Slava is also equipped with a twin-barrel 13Omm OP gun, six ADG6-30 3Omm CIWS mountings, two antisubmarine 12 barrel rocket launchers and two quintuple 533mm antisubmarine torpedo tubes. The Slava's flying armament is a Kamov Hormore B missile targeting/ELINT helicopter which uses its radar to provide targeting and guidance data for ship-launched cruise missiles. The KA-25 is the only helicopter in the world in large scale service to use contra-rotating main rotors.

The US counterpart, the USS Belknap, is by comparison, a poor cousin. The cruiser was badly damaged by fire in November 1975 when it was involved in a collision with the aircraft carrier USS John F. Kennedy in the Mediterranean. It was subsequently towed back to the US for rebuilding. As the flagship of the US Sixth Fleet, the USS Belknap has a luxurious suite of cabins as well as a conference room. She is armed with quadruple Harpoon SSM launchers with eight missiles that do not carry nuclear warheads but only a 227kg blast fragmentation HE warhead. It flies at Mach 0.85 and has a 16Okm range. The Harpoon anti-ship missile is designed to penetrate the target before exploding in order to cause maximum possible damage, somewhat similar to the High Explosive Squash Head shells used in the anti-tank role in the past. The cruiser also carries a twin Standard SM-2-ER/ASROC SAM/ASW launcher with Standard missiles and 20 ASROC missiles, the former being for long range defence with a speed of mach 2.5 and a range of 150 km. The ASROC anti-submarine rocket can carry either a Honeywell Mk 46 acoustic homing torpedo or a 1.5 ton yield W44 warhead on a Mk 17 nuclear depth charge. In addition to these missiles, the Belknap has a 127mm DP gun, two 2Omm Phalanx CIWS mountings and two triple 324mm Mk 32 ASW torpedo tube mountings with 12 Mk 46 torpedoes. The flight deck on the rear of the cruiser takes a Kaman SH-2D Sea Sprite multi-role helicopter.

President Bush arrived in Malta at 09:40 hrs on Friday, December 1. He flew from Andrews AFB in Air Force One, a Boeing VC-137C serialled 72-7000. The Presidential Flight is based at Andrews AFB in Maryland and all aircraft are assigned to the 89th Military Airlift Wing. The wing consists of a Beechcraft C-6A, three C-9C Skytrain IIs, two C-12As, three C-20A Gulfstream IIIs, four C-135B Stratotankers, five C-137B/Cs, nine UH-1N Iroquois helicopters and four CH-3E Jolly Green Giant helicopters. Air Force One was delivered to 89th MAW in October 1973.

After the usual ceremonial on arrival President Bush flew for talks in Valletta in a VH-3D helicopter and less than an hour later he was winging off to the USS Forrestal, escorted by two CH-53E Sea Stallion helicopters. The aircraft carrier was operating some sixty miles to the west of the island of Gozo.

The object of the visit was to praise the US Navy for its role in preserving peace. On the Forrestal Bush watched a demonstration of launchings and recoveries of aircraft. After lunching with the enlisted men, President Bush made a symbolic presentation of a piece of the Berlin wall and noted that while his generation had been called upon to win World War II, today's sailors are charged with preserving peace. "And lasting peace is not an accident. Lasting peace takes planning and patience and personal sacrifice. Lasting peace stems from strength that is moral and intellectual, economic and military" said Bush.

As is customary when the US president travels aboard, one of the four Boeing E-4B National Emergency Airborne Command Post aircraft accompanied the President but did not land in Malta, being stationed at nearby NAS Sigonella, Sicily. The aircraft is kept in a state of readiness and in case of war it provides the necessary communications lifeline between the President, the Department of Defence, the State Department and the White House. Alongside the E-4B at Sigonella was a C-9A Nightingale Ambulance aircraft which carries a fully equipped hospital complete with a blood bank for the President's use.

Mikhail Gorbachev, accompanied by his wife Raissa, left Milan, Italy in a hurry as fog was rapidly descending and was threatening to close Malpensa airfield (Linate was already closed due to fog). Cutting short a Press Conference which was being transmitted live, the Soviet leader and his delegation flew in an II-62M four-engined airliner of Aeroflot serialled CCCP-86540 and arrived at Luqa airport just after 2300 hrs.

Unfortunately Malta's sunny weather did not live up to its reputation and at about the time that Gorbachev arrived, a storm of tremendous proportions whipped up. President Bush as an ex-navy man was perfectly at home on the storm lashed the Belknap, but President Gorbachev, a lawyer and agronomist by profession, decided that he would be happier on board the liner Maxim Gorky and this is where he spent his first night. By the next morning, December 2, the first day of the talks, the storm had still not abated and therefore in deference to the Soviet President the first round of talks were held on the Gorky, where the crew had worked all night to provide the necessary facilities.

Sunday December 3, although still cloudy and wet, was not so stormy and Bush was able once again to attend the final rounds of talks that were also held on the Maxim Gorky. In all, the two Presidents spent eight hours in talks, and subsequently both Presidents gave a joint press conference in which they confirmed that the "non-summit" summit was an unqualified success and that they were both hopeful that the Malta meeting would be the start of a lasting era of peace.

Of course during the days preceding the summit Luqa airfield was a hive of activity with the coming and going of several aircraft that had never been seen here before.

Summit aircraft

The following is a list of all the US aircraft seen at Malta.

DATE	AIRCRAFT	SERIAL	UNIT/BASE	NOTES
26.11.89	Beech UC-12M		Sigonella
05.11.89	B. VC-135B	62-4126
11.11.89	B. VC-137B	58-6972
26.11.89	Gr. C-2A Greyhound	162159/JM/22	VR-24
26.11.89	Gr. C-2A Greyhound	162176/JM/20	VR-24
17.11.89	Gu. C-20A	30500	58th MAS
	Gu. C-20B	50049	58th MAS
29.11.89	L. C-5B Galaxy	50007	436th MAW
16.11.89	L. C-5B	87-0030	60th MAW
17.11.89	L. C-130E	63-7875	435th TAW
26.11.89	L. C-130F	149801/JU/03	VR-22
29.11.89	L. C-141	40619	437th MAW
24.11.89	L. C-141B	50270	437th MAW
29.11.89	Si. CH-53E Sea Stallion	161536	HC-4
29.11.89	Si. CH-53E Sea Stallion	161537	HC-4
29.11.89	Si. CH-53E Sea Stallion	161538	HC-4
29.11.89	Si. CH-53E Sea Stallion	161539	HC-4
29.11.89	Si. CH-53E Sea Stallion	161541	HC-4
29.11.89	Si. VH-3 Seaking	159354	United States of America
29.11.89	Si. VH-3 Seaking	159356	United States of America

Update

The following is updated information on some of the ships and aircraft mentioned in the article.

USS Belknap (CG-26)

Decommissioned on 15 February, 1995, this ship was used in a US Navy "Sinkex" exercise, where the ship is sunk during the testing of a missile or torpedo. This took place on 24 September, 1998, off the East coast of the United States.

Slava

The Slava (Glory) which was commissioned in 1982, was renamed Moskva (Moscow) in 1995. Overhauled between 1991-98, she was involved in the 2008 South Ossetia War.

Maxim Gorkiy

Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, the ship was transferred to the Sovcomflot, whilst remaining on charter to Phoenix Reisen. The charter ended in November 2008 due to the high fuel costs.

In 2008 plans by Orient Lines, to rename it Marco Polo II and put it in service came to nothing.

After being laid up in Greece, where plans to convert here to a static hotel ship also came to nothing, the Maxim Gorkiy was purchased for €4.2 million and taken to a scrapyard in Alang, India in February 2009, and eventually broken up.

Lockheed C-141 Starlifter

Originally designed for both military civilian use, the C-141 made its first flight on 17 December 1963.

Deliveries of the first aircraft to the Military Air Transport Service took place on 19 October 1964, to the 1707th Air Transport Wing, Heavy (Training) located at Tinker AFB, Oklahoma.

Delivery to an operational unit was on 23 April 1965, to the 44th Air Transport Squadron, 1501st Air Transport Wing at Travis AFB, California.

On 8 January 1966, the Military Air Transport Service was disestablished, and all C-141s were transferred to the Military Airlift Command.

On 16 September 2004, the Starlifter was retired from USAF service, being confined to Air Force Reserves and Air National Guard Units.

A little over a year late, on 25 September, only eight (8) aircraft remained in service with the 445th Airlift Wing at Wright-Patterson AFB.

The C-141 Starlifter was officially retired from military service in 2006.

Although the aircraft had also been design for the civilian market, and was awarded an FAA type certificate on 29 January 1965, none are known to have served with civilian airlines. Slick Airways and Flying Tiger Line, who were going to order four aircraft each, cancelled their orders.

Misc.

All the other aircraft mentioned in the article are still in service with their respective operators as of February 2016.

Italian visitors

These aircraft arrived from Lampedusa on 24.05.90 for fuel. Presumably departed the same day.

REGISTRATION	AIRCRAFT	NOTES/HISTORY
I-LEMO	P. PA-24-250 Comanche	c/n 24-1278, reg canx on 26.01.06
I-TOTE	P. PA-24-250 Comanche	c/n 24-1853, current as of April 2005.
I-BETT	P. PA-28RT-201T Turbo Arrow IV	c/n 28R-8331023
I-LECI	P. PA-28RT-201T Turbo Arrow IV	c/n 28R-8031138. w/o in take-off accident on 17.07.10, no fatalities.
I-PGAR	P. PA-28RT-201T Turbo Arrow IV	c/n 28R-8231063 current as of June 2013.
I-SIMI	P. PA-28R-180 Cherokee Arrow	c/n 28R-30600 current as of 03.16
I-SDMB	Socata TB-20	c/n 693 rr F-GMIX .95

Ltm Open Day

In its early days of operations, Lufthansa Technic, Malta would organise an open day.

DATE	AIRCRAFT	AIRLINE	REGISTRATION	NOTES
13.12.06	A321	Spanair	EC-HRG
13.12.06	B738	Eurcypria	5B-DBX	Departed as C-GDBX (Skyservice) on the 16th.
07.07.07	A320	Spanair	EC-JNC

Pull-a-plane

A charity event to raise funds for the Community Chest Fund takes place at Safi maintenance facilities. This involves groups of people pulling an aircraft a distance of 20 (twenty) metres on level ground.

First conducted in 2014, the aircraft used so far has been a DHL B.757.

DATE	AIRCRAFT	AIRLINE	REGISTRATION	NOTES
31.03.14	B.757	DHL	D-ALEC
31.03.15	B.757	DHL	D-ALE_

SAR Changeover

A flyby by an AB.212 of the Italian Air Force, and an Augusta 139 of the Air Wing near the Italian Ambassador’s Maltese residence at Ta’ Xbiex, marked in a matter of speaking, the “passing of the baton”, of SAR duties from the Italian Military Mission (IMM) to the Armed Forces of Malta. (See Air Wing page for additional details about the IMM.)

DATE	AIRCRAFT	AIR ARM	SERIAL	NOTES
02.06.16	A.139	Armed Forces of Malta	AS1429
02.06.16	AB.212	Italian AF	MM81212

Seaplane Rally

Some sketchy details about this event, the two seaplanes arriving from Como.

REGISTRATION	AIRCRAFT	ARR	DEP	NOTES/HISTORY
I-DROV	Cessna 172XP	09.12.16
N197TF	Lake 270 Turbo	09.12.16

Second Corsica Air Rally, May 1985

Somewhat sketchy details about this ten-aircraft rally organised by VAP.

Details are limited to reg, type, arrival, and – where known – departure date.

Aircraft have been listed in order of registration.

REGISTRATION	AIRCRAFT	PILOT	ARR/DEP	NOTES/HISTORY
F-BOJH	P. PA-23-250 Aztec C		24/26
F-GBMO	P. PA-28-181 Archer II		24/26
F-GCSQ	Ce. 340A		24/26
D-EDHL	P. Saratoga SP		24/ ?	Probably the first visit by the type at the time.
D-EEGV	P. Cherokee		24/ ?
D-EMIR	P. PA-28-180F Cherokee		24/ ?
D-EMNU	Be. A23-24 Musketeer Super III		24/ ?
HB-CVV	Ce. 182L Skylane		24/ ?
HB-OVR	P. PA-24-250 Comanche		24/26
HB-PCF	P. PA-28R-201T Turbo Arrow III		24/26

Sport Flug Marl 1973

This was a rally that visited a number Mediterranean countries. The following aircraft all arrived on 20.06.73, departing on the 22nd for Djerba, Tunis.

The FROM column lists the airport from which the aircraft arrived from, as listed in Custom files 13. The STA/STD column gives the arrival and departure times of the aircraft to/from Malta. The NOTES section gives additional details, and were known, the c/n, date of registration, and previous registrations.

Aircraft have been listed in order of registration.

Pilots names weren’t always legible, and I thus apologize for any mistakes which may appear. The 1977 Registers of Germany, an Air Britain publication, was also helpful both in identifying aircraft, and also owners names.

REGISTRATION	AIRCRAFT	PILOT	FROM	STA/STD	NOTES/HISTORY
D-EASM	Ce. 182M	Dr. Wagner	Olbia	15:12-11:03	c/n 59654, date of registration (dor) 06.69.
D-ECAR	Ce. 177A	J. Wagner	Olbia	15:20-11:15	c/n 01254, dor 11.69, pi N30419
D-ECMN	R/Ce. F.172K	M. Zink	Olbia	15:14-11:05	0784, 03.71
D-ECSZ	R/Ce. F.172L	Raff Hans Werner	Palermo	18:40-11:32	0848, 05.72
D-EDAS	P. PA-24 Comanche 260C	Prof. Dr. B. Spiegel	Olbia	14:15-10:30	24-5016, 06.72, N9498P
D-EDDB	Jodel D.11A Club	Ullrich Fossgrum	Boccadifalco, Palermo	18:35-11:30	Liz.612, 01.72
D-EDFB	Dornier Do-27B-1	F. J. Micus	Olbia	15:30-11:20	299, 07.71, 56+27, QA+405, PQ+111, PL+406, D-EKAP
D-EDPD	P. PA-28R Cherokee Arrow 200	M. Pauckert	Olbia	14:35-10:35	28R-7235056, 05.72
D-EEXZ	Ce. 182P	Jansen	Olbia	15:00-10:50	61174, 07.72
D-EFFS	Mooney M.20F Executive	K. H. Wietholg	Olbia	14:50-10:44	680149, 01.69, N3902N
D-EGHL	Ce. 182J	Pieper Hugo	Olbia	15:10-11:00	56806, 06.70, N2706F
D-EGLO	Bolkow BO 07	A. Trugge	Olbia	15:40-11:25
D-EIHS	MS.880B Rallye Club	H. Scharpf	Palermo	19:10-11:40	256, 07.64, G-ASCW
D-EJDU	P. PA-28R Cherokee Arrow 180	E. Neufang	Olbia	14:55-10:46	28R-30616, 06.68, N4880J
D-EKHK	MS894E Minerva 220	Dr. Wessel	Palermo	18:55-11:35
D-EKPB	Mooney M.20C Mark 21	Voss	Olbia	14:45-10:40	670042, 10.67, N9748M
D-ELDF	P. PA-28	LSC Barfot	Leverkusen	15:35-11:50	This is a German city, no Sicilian airfields were listed in the Custom Files.
D-ELGW	CEA DR.253B Regent	Aero Club Dusseldorf	Olbia	15:05-10:55	160, 04.70
D-EMDP	P. PA-28R Cherokee Arrow 200	J. Shutzdeller	Olbia	14:30-10:33	28R-7135075, 07.71, N5071S
D-EMKR	Wassmer WA.52 Europa	Karl Rademacher	Olbia	15:15-11:10	59, 04.73
D-ENBK	R/Ce. F172E	S. Koimper Guiele	Olbia	15:18-11:13	0033, 06.68, OY-AHH
D-GAXF	P. PA-30	Keinharst	Olbia	14:05-10:25
D-ILFG	P. PA-31 Navajo 310	Fa. Lahn-Flug W. Otto GmbH	Olbia	13:55-10:22	31-817, 06.72, N7430L
D-ILPA	Beech 95-B55 Baron	Hager	Olbia	13:35-10:20	TC-616, 05.64
HB-HEH	FFA AS202	Fliergschule Altenrhein	Palermo	18:45-11:33

US world tour

From what I’ve been told, the aircraft – or rather, the pilots – were on a world trip, whih had started on 24 January, 2018.

All four aircraft arrived from Catania, eastern Sicily, and departed for Athens, Greece.

The arrival/departure times listed are a close approximate. Aircraft have been listed in order of registration alphabetical order.

REGISTRATION	AIRCRAFT	ARRIVED	DEPARTED	ETA/ETD	NOTES
N900JV	Socata TBM9	29.05.18	31.05.18	12:14/09:59
N910RW	Socata TBM9	29.05.18	31.05.18	12:01/10:14
N910XX	Socata TBM9	29.05.18	31.05.18	11:48/10:03
N930VT	Socata TBM9	29.05.18	31.05.18	12:09/10:04